Selenium Architecture

  

Selenium WebDriver Architecture – Overview

Selenium WebDriver follows a client-server architecture and allows direct communication between test scripts and browsers.

Components of the Architecture:

1. Test Script (Client Layer)

   • Written in any supported language (Java, Python, C#, etc.)

   • Uses Selenium APIs

2. Selenium WebDriver

   • Acts as a bridge between the test script and the browser

   • Sends commands from test scripts to the browser driver

3. Browser Driver

   • Each browser has its own driver (e.g., ChromeDriver, GeckoDriver for Firefox)

   • Accepts commands via HTTP (JSON Wire Protocol or W3C protocol)

   • Converts commands into actions performed on the browser

4. Real Browser

   • Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari, etc.

   • Executes the actions like clicking, typing, navigating, etc.

Selenium Architecture Diagram 

Working of Selenium Architecture:

1. Test script sends a command (e.g., click button).

2. WebDriver forwards it to the browser-specific driver.

3. The driver communicates with the browser via native APIs.

4. The browser executes the command.

5. Response is sent back via the same path.